5.8.1 List of offspring and their mothers. During the Hellenization of Latin literature, the myths of Ares were reinterpreted by Roman writers under the name of Mars, and in later Western art and literature, the mythology of the two figures became virtually indistinguishable. His nearest counterpart in Roman religion is Mars, who was given a more important and dignified place in ancient Roman religion. Most famously, when the craftsman-god Hephaestus discovered his wife Aphrodite was having an affair with Ares, he trapped the lovers in a net and exposed them to the ridicule of the other gods. When he does appear, he is often humiliated. Though there are many literary allusions to his love affairs and children, Ares has a limited role in Greek mythology. Still further away from Greece, the Scythians were said to ritually kill one in a hundred prisoners of war as an offering to their equivalent of Ares, but the later belief that ancient Spartans had offered human sacrifice to Ares may owe more to mythical prehistory and misunderstandings than to reality. In parts of Asia Minor he was an oracular deity. Some cities in Greece and several in Asia Minor held annual festivals to bind and detain him as their protector. An association with Ares endows places and objects with a savage, dangerous, or militarized quality.Īlthough Ares' name shows his origins as Mycenaean, his reputation for savagery was thought by some to reflect his likely origins as a Thracian deity. He embodies the physical valor necessary for success in war but can also personify sheer brutality and bloodlust, in contrast to his sister, the armored Athena, whose martial functions include military strategy and generalship. 
He is one of the Twelve Olympians, and the son of Zeus and Hera. Antique fresco from Pompeii.Īres ( / ˈ ɛər iː z/ Ancient Greek: Ἄρης, Árēs ) is the Greek god of courage and war. Ares ( Mars) caresses Aphrodite ( Venus) sitting on a throne.
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